There isn't specific licensing regime for cadastral surveying professionals working in the cadastral system. University degree is required.

The provinces have delegated control of the professional activities in institutions integrated by the professionals of their jurisdictions. Such institutions, that are FADA' members, verify the required conditions for carrying out professionals' tasks.

There is one Institution for each province and one for the autonomous city of Buenos Aires. In some cases they group together land surveyors, engineers and other related professions.

Surveyor's or Survey Acts and Regulations in each jurisdiction identify guidelines for licensing and registration of cadastral surveyors and the undertaking of cadastral surveys. Under the Reciprocating Surveyor's Board of Australia and New Zealand persons registered by a Board in any State of Australia or New Zealand, can apply for registration in any other State of Australia or New Zealand under a reciprocity agreement (Mutual Recognition Act 1993).

A person applying for registration must be issued with a certificate of competency in cadastral surveying which typically requires 12 to 24 months under a training agreement with another registered surveyor and in addition must pass some further professional examinations and practical exercises supervised by the Board of Surveyors. To enter training agreements persons are required to hold a degree approved by the Board of Surveyors.

The access to the Austrian profession "Ziviltechniker" (comprises Architects and Chartered Engineering Consultants) is regulated by a federal law (Ziviltechnikergesetz) requiring the following qualifications:

• University degree in architecture; technological, scientific and mining areas; areas connected with environmental and soil sciences.
• Professional practice of at least three years (after graduation). One of these three years has to be passed as an employee working under the instructions of the employer.
• Licensing Examination ("Ziviltechnikerprüfung")

The Licensing Examination is a public oral examination ...

The cadastral surveying professionals must have the academic title of

• "surveyor" or
• "engineer surveyor" or
• "geomatics engineer".

Brunei Licence Surveyors act is being used for licencing and registration of Cadastral surveyors.

Currently, there is not a licensing system in place for cadastral surveying professionals working in the cadastral system. The Land Management and Administration Project will support the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction to prepare a draft private surveying sub-decree to provide the legal basis for the private sector profession with a goal that most or all land surveys will be done by private sector.

In China, qualifications for cadastre surveying are authorized by administrative offices of surveying and mapping. Relevant certificates are organization-oriented, so licensed only to companies or public services, not people engaged. Individual surveyors with required background of education and practice may apply for and be issued professional qualification certificate, but not license for undertaking cadastre surveying on their own.

here is a licensing system in place for Cadastral Surveying Professionals. To become a licensed surveyor there is a demand to be a member of the Rural and Surveying Engineers Section of the Cyprus Scientific and Technical Chamber and have at least one year experience in cadastral surveys.

According to the Survey Act private surveyors are entitled to carry out survey activities on certain conditions. Enterprising in this field are bound on trade license according to the Trade Law. Education in surveying and praxis (5 years or 3 years in case of graduated surveyors) are basic conditions for giving this license.

Beside that all results of survey activities used for the cadastre and for the state map series must be verified by a person with the official authorization. The Czech Office for Surveying, Mapping and Cadastre can give this authorization to a person fulfilling the following conditions: university degree in surveying, five years of praxis, passing a special examination.

Cadastral work, or surveying for legal purposes, in Denmark is a monopoly of licensed surveyors in private practice. The Minister of the Environment grants the license to surveyors after having completed a five-year University degree, M.Sc. in Surveying, Planning and Land Management, and having worked for a private surveying firm for three years. There is no further examination to be passed.

The Surveyor's Act (Cap 260) of Fiji and subsidiary Regulations contain guidelines for registration of cadastral surveyors and the practice of cadastral surveying.

The Surveyors Registration Board is responsible for surveyor's registration in Fiji in accordance with the Surveyors Act (Cap 260).

Any person, who satisfies the Board that he is of good character and reputation shall be entitled to be registered as a surveyor in Fiji, provided he possesses appropriate qualifications and experience as may be acceptable to the Board. An annual registration fee of $50.00 is levied accordingly.

The minimum qualification is a university degree in surveying. ...

No licensing. The cadastral surveys are carried out by civil servants of the state or the municipalities. The requirements for the surveying engineers are stated in legislation. You need a bachelor's degree or an academic university degree in order to act as a cadastral surveyor.

Each state has its own licensing law for private licensed surveyors. The prerequisites for getting a license for one specific state is a university diploma for surveying and an education for becoming a civil servant with a final examination.

A land surveying division corporate member of the Hong Kong Institute of Surveyors may apply for the Registered Professional Surveyor after one year of local practice and Authorised Land Surveyor after one year of local cadastral surveying practice. Both registration boards are formed under the Professional Surveyors' Registration Ordinance and Land Survey Ordinance respectively.

Authorised Land Surveyor needs to renew their annual practice license from the Survey Authority.

Cadastral surveying, cadastral work for legal purpose is the monopoly of licensed surveyors in Hungary. The majority of cadastral surveys, mapping have been carrying out by the private sector. The Institute of Surveying Cartography and Remote Sensing (FÖMI) under the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development issues the license to surveyors.

There is no concept of licensing and registration of cadastral surveyors in India. In fact the government surveyors of state/center are carrying out all the cadastral survey.

Land registration in Indonesia is conducted based on the Article 19 Law No. 5 Year 1960 (UUPA) and Government Regulation No. 24 Year 1997. The specific regulation identifies guidelines for licensing and registration of private cadastral surveyors and the undertaking of cadastral survey by the private sectors is the State Ministry of Agrarian Affairs/Head of BPN Regulation No. 2 Year 1998.

A license is necessary to carry out geodetic surveying. Nowadays, there are about 1100 licensed surveyors in Israel (including retired ones). The requirements for getting a license are set in "Surveyors Regulations (The Surveying Profession)" legislated in 1982. For obtaining a license, the candidate should complete both university studies in geodetic engineering and a two year long professional training, with the guidance of an experienced senior surveyor. The training should be focused on preparation of mutation plans.

There are a number of further conditions for obtaining a license. The candidate must be a citizen of the state of Israel, he/she has to be graduated in geodetic engineering. A B.Sc. Degree in civil engineering may also be accepted after the completion of university studies in obligatory geodetic subjects. Finally, the candidate has to be examined on some special ...

Management and Planning Organization identify guidelines for licensing and registration of (cadastral) land surveyors. A firm applying for registration must be issued with a certificate of competency in cadastral surveying which is issued by Management and Planning Organization (MPO) and in addition must pass some further professional examinations and practical exercises supervised by the Board of Surveying engineers. An expert who has the Geomatic background could take part in the examination to get the certification from courthouse (for the period of time) to solve the disputes between the claims if the court wants to know which one has a right. This certification must be renewed after a period of time.

There is no license for cadastral surveying. But a license "registered surveyor" is necessary to carry out geodetic surveying. Examination is the requirement to get a license "registered surveyor".

Licensing of surveyors is according to by-law that regulates this profession (Cadastral Surveying). The surveyor should have no less than 2 years diploma in surveying after high school and no less than 2 years practical work and 6 months of training for surveying engineers and 7 / 2 years for surveyors with 2 years diploma. All must pass an examination.

The Division under its current staff establishment employed 6 qualified surveyors who should at least have a certificate in surveying qualification. In addition 6 survey technicians who were usually new recruits would be trained on the job for one year before they are permitted to carry out simple cadastral work under the close supervision of qualified surveyors. Completed cadastral surveys however are checked and approved by the Chief Surveyor. The main responsibility of qualified surveyors apart from undertaking more pragmatic surveys was to ensure that cadastral surveys meets set specifications and follows standard directions before submission for approval.

The license of cadastral surveying is issued by the national human resource management organization and divided into three levels, namely low-level technician, engineer and expert engineer. The examination of license involves the practice and theory of cadastral surveying and cadastral law etc. To be a cadastral officer in governmental organization, he/she has to pass an special examination for service. All cadastral engineers have an additional training program by the yearly plan. The cadastral engineer must be a government officer or an employee of KCSC for cadastral surveying and needs a license.

In Latvia, cadastral surveying and land utilization system works can be carried out only by licensed legal entities, certified natural persons and by State Limited Company "Latvia State Surveyor".

Licensing Commission of SLS issues special license to legal entities for a period of 1 up to 5 years. It is required that at least ½ out of members of executive institution shall have higher education in some kind of licensed activity and experience at some of the to-be-licensed type of work for at least 3 years during the period of last 7 years. Not less than ¼ out of total number of employees shall have higher education in some the to-be-licensed type of activity.

Latvian Society of Surveyors (LSS) issues certificates ...

Only licensed surveyors are entitled to conduct cadastral surveying of land and buildings. The National Land Service under the Ministry of Agriculture issues the licenses to legal entities, the head thereof have relevant university or college education and the duration of theoretic and practical course on geodesy and cartography within the studies makes at least 200 hours. The specialists working with cadastral surveying should also have university or college education and relevant qualification. The companies should have proper surveying equipment, hardware and tolls for processing surveying data. On 1 December 2003 the number of issued licenses was 204.

At present, there is no licensing system for cadastral surveying professionals. But a university degree in surveying is the prerequisite for entering the professional field as a surveyor and a 2-year diploma degree in surveying for assistant surveyors.

Land surveyors (with the exception of those serving with DSMM or DLS, in the case of Sabah and Sarawak) carrying out cadastral surveys are required by law to be licensed by the Land Surveyors Board of Peninsular Malaysia (LSBPM), and in the case of Sabah - the Land Surveyors Board of Sabah. Sarawak does not, up to now institute a Land Surveyors Board of its own, and as a consequence cadastral surveys were placed under the jurisdiction of the Sarawak Department of Land and Surveys. While it is not a legal requirement in the case of topographical and engineering surveys as yet, registration with the LSBPM is insisted upon by most clients and all government agencies.

It is a statutory requirement that the Board (LSBPM) keeps a ...

According to a research made to the interior of the National Association of Universities and Institutions for Higher Degrees in Mexico, no specialized area for licentiate degree in cadastral surveying was identified. Source: National Association of Universities and Institutions for Higher Degrees (ANUIES: Asociación Nacional de Universidades e Instituciones de Educación Superior), Mexico, April 2004, http://www.anuies.mx/index800.html.

Registration with the Namibian Council for Professional Land Surveyors, Technical Surveyors and Survey Technicians is required for performing cadastral surveys. In order to qualify for registration, candidates must have a four-year university degree in land surveying, followed by a practical articled period and the passing of a survey law exam.

First attempt in Land (survey & measurement) Acts 1999 (Eight Amendments) has a provision to award License to qualified Surveyors, but it is not yet applied due to lack of rules and regulation regarding the process, qualification of the surveyor, terms and conditions to honor the license, etc. It is expected to start the system as early as possible.

There is no licensing system in place. All cadastral surveying is performed by employees of the Agency (civil servants).

The Cadastral Survey Act 2002 introduced a form of renewable licence, to replace the previous system of registration. The requirements for licensing are similar to registration, being a four year bachelor's degree in surveying plus 2 years post graduate experience and a final professional examination. In addition licensing has to be renewed every 3 years and requires demonstration of ongoing competency.

Norway has no licensing system and no private licensed surveyors. The Land Subdivision Act does not demand any license or specific education for the surveyor in charge. Most municipalities have employed engineers with 2 - 3 years of adequate education, but there are major differences.

The Board of Geodetic Engineers under the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) is tasked to give examinations to the aspiring geodetic engineers. Basically, there are five (5) subjects covered by the licensure exam, to wit: Mathematics, Geodesy, Land Laws, Cartography and Theory and Practice.

The examination is held twice a year, every February and August. In order to be eligible to take the exam, an applicant must be a holder of Bachelor Degree in Geodetic Engineering (BSGE).

There is no licensing system. Registration with the South African Council for Professional and Technical Surveyors, as stated above, is required for performing cadastral surveys. To qualify for registration, candidates must have a four-year University degree in Land Surveying, followed by a practical articled period and the passing of further survey law exams.

Under the Survey Act 17 of 2002, Land Survey Council has been established. The Major functions of the Land Council are; Registration of surveyors, Issue of Annual Practicing Licenses to Surveyors, Maintaining standards and procedures relating to land surveying and inquiries relating to professional misconduct and related matters of registered surveyors. Survey Acts and Regulations in each jurisdiction identify guidelines for licensing and registration of cadastral surveyors and the undertaking of cadastral surveys.

There is no licensing system. There is a demand on competence to work as head of a cadastral office, which is at least 2 years relevant practice and a Master Degree in land surveying/land administration.

With the introduction of the land registration system in 1910, the Confederation also introduced a regulation for the licensing of cadastral surveyors. Only licensed land surveyors can carry out cadastral surveying. The practical examinations are being carried out under the responsibility of the Federal Directorate of Cadastral Surveying (V+D). The first examination has been held in 1913 and there are some 10-15 candidates on average that pass the licensing exams annually.

The licensed land surveyor can carry out cadastral surveying in any of the 26 Cantons. Although they are mostly operating in the private sector, they are public agents, bound by regulations and contracts.

There is a licensing system of cadastral surveyors. Before a surveyor can be licensed he/she must be registered as either a Fully or Temporarily Registered Surveyor (i.e. FRS or TRS). Conditions for Full Registration are BSc degree in Land Surveying or equivalent, approved working experience acquired over a period of at least 5 years, independent recommendations of good ethical standing in professional practice, and passing an interview conducted by the National Council of Professional Surveyors (NCPS). The NCPS is a statutory government agency established under the provisions of the Professional Surveyors (Registration) Act No. 2 of 1977.

There are at present (2005) 28 Surveying Companies in private practice in the country.

There is no individual licensing system in Turkey but there are two necessities for cadastral surveying professionals working in the cadastral system. One of them is graduate degree of 'Department of Geodesy and Photogrammetry Engineering' (4-year bachelor degree) the other one is to became a membership of Turkish Chamber of Surveying Engineers.